DEVELOPING A FILM & MEDIA STUDIES (FAMS) PROGRAM

from the report of the Film & Media Studies Committee April 2007

  1. COMMITTEE CHARGE
  2. COMMITTEE COMPOSITION
  3. TERMINOLOGY
  4. BACKGROUND
  5. RECOMMENDATIONS
  6. OUTLINE OF THE FILM MINOR
  7. OUTLINE OF THE FILM & MEDIA STUDIES PROGRAM
  8. FACILITIES
  9. ONGOING ISSUES FOR THE FAMS COMMITTEE

I.  COMMITTEE CHARGE
Formed in November 2006 by Provost Anthony Cummings, the Committee’s charge is to explore and report upon the establishment of a Film & Media Studies program at Lafayette.

II.  COMMITTEE COMPOSITION
Alix Ohlin (English, co-chair), John O’Keefe (Director of Academic Technologies & Network Services, co-chair), Mark Crain (Economics & Business/Policy Studies), Alessandro Giovannelli (Philosophy), Jeff Helm (Mechanical Engineering), Margaret Lamb-Faffelberger (Foreign Languages & Literature), Neil McElroy (Director of Libraries & ITS), Owen McLeod (Philosophy), Michael O’Neill (Director of Theater, English), Karina Skvirsky (Art), Andy Smith (English/American Studies), Jorge Torres (Music), Suzanne Westfall (English)

III.  TERMINOLOGY
It may be useful to offer a brief explanation of terms relevant to the document:

Film Studiesthis term suggests the established scholarly field investigating the history, style, and theory of moving pictures as a complex art form. Film Studies embraces the technological and cultural changes inherent in the evolution of moving pictures, or cinema, from its 19th-century inception to the recent forms and implications of video and digital filmmaking.

Media Studies—a broader term embracing the formal study and cultural impact of many kinds of technology-aided visual, aural and print media, including television, radio, graphic design, photography, web, journalism, broadcast, visual ethnography, film and video.

New Media—a more recent term used to describe all forms of digital (as opposed to analog) media. While there is inevitable overlap with the above terms, New Media examples include video games, hypertext fiction, email, podcasting, blogs, computer animation, and moving pictures.

Production—a term that refers to the creation of all forms of digital content, whether film/video, web, animation, audio, or other forms of New Media.

IV.  BACKGROUND: FILM & MEDIA STUDIES AT LAFAYETTE
Lafayette does not offer an established program in Film and/or Media Studies, but several individuals and departments have been active in offering relevant courses, and that number is growing.

The English Department typically offers 4-5 film-related courses per year, including Introduction to Film, Topics in Film (Documentary and Narrative), Screenwriting, and Film and Literature.  Many of these courses integrate film production (via partnership with Skillman Library ITS) with critical study, and the English Department hosts a successful Student Film Festival, now in its 4th year. Art Department faculty have consistently offered studio courses in Basic Photography, Graphic Design, and Visual Communication, and the Department has this year added new courses in Digital Photography and Time-Based Media. The Departments of Foreign Languages and Literature, History, Government & Law, Anthropology & Sociology, and the Theater and American Studies programs, all have periodic offerings relevant in some form to the study of film and/or digital media. Other courses recently introduced include: Philosophy of Film (Philosophy), Contemporary Society and the Cinema (A&S), Film Music  (Music), Japanese Animation (Art), Screenwriting and New Media (English). The newly formed Policy Studies Major hosted an Election Night 2006 Live Television Broadcast featuring students in a variety of roles.

A collaboration among English Department faculty, ITS staff, Williams VAB faculty, and the Dean of Studies office resulted in the feature-length documentary film Towers of Shadow & Light (2005).  This film was produced as part of the college’s First Year Orientation program for the Class of 2009, and supported by integrated graphic materials created at the VAB.  For the Class of 2010, essays and a website were developed with faculty and staff from ITS, English, and Intercultural Development, to support that year’s reading of the film Crash.

More and more, digital filmmaking and digital content creation are employed as learning tools in courses in a wide variety of disciplines. The frequency of film screenings in many disciplines has increased, as has the frequency of visits by filmmakers and New Media scholars/artists as guest speakers.

The Skillman Library renovation project incorporated critical design elements to support the burgeoning faculty interest and student demand for film courses and digital media production facilities.  Further, recent technology and staffing investments to expand and enhance the production capabilities of the Williams Visual Arts Building as well as the music labs in the Williams Center of the Arts have helped to support this growing area. 

V.  RECOMMENDATIONS
As Lafayette rededicates itself to making the Arts a pillar of educational excellence, a strong program in Film & Media Studies can and should play a central role.  The committee recommends the college take the following actions:

  1. Immediately implement a Minor in Film Studies as the first step in establishing a Film & Media Studies program and major.
  1. Hire one (and preferably two), full-time, tenure-track faculty to support the program. As soon as possible, add more teaching power to the program via FAMS targeted searches within existing academic departments.
  1. Establish a dedicated teaching/production facility (preferably within an expanded Williams Center for the Arts) and hire a staff member to support the program’s technical requirements.
  1. Once staff and facilities are in place, construct a curriculum and establish a major in Film & Media Studies.
  1. Establish a college-wide program similar to the Writing Associates component of the College Writing Program.  Student Media Associates (MAs) would be trained to offer production assistance to faculty seeking to integrate media practice into their courses.  An additional administrative hire will be required to supervise this program.
  1. Ensure ongoing FAMS committee meetings to provide oversight and critical feedback during the growth of the program.

VI.  OUTLINE OF THE FILM MINOR
Our current curriculum covers a wide array of approaches from a multitude of departments.  It is not, however, a curriculum that embraces both Film Studies and Media Studies as defined at comparable institutions.  Most crucially, we do not at present regularly offer a course that can serve as an introduction to the field of Media Studies.  We do, however, have regularly offered courses at introductory and upper levels that serve as foundational classes in Film and that also carry the philosophy of integrating serious critical study and production. 

The distinction between Film Studies and Media Studies is highlighted by a survey of Film and Media Studies minors at comparable institutions (see Appendix B).  In order to create a legitimate and intellectually substantial Film & Media Studies program, additional faculty and resources are required.

Because enough Film Studies courses are currently in place, we recommend the college begin by establishing a Film Minor.  This will allow current students who desire a minor to pursue an integrated course of study as we work to put the larger program in place.  Once additional faculty and facilities are established, the program can grow into a major that embraces both Film Studies and Media Studies.  Meanwhile, the Minor will serve as a useful metric for gauging student and faculty response.  Using the Film Minor as a stepping-stone, the college can both encourage student and faculty interest and lay the groundwork for a rich, interesting, and unique interdisciplinary program in Film & Media Studies.

The Minor
The Film Minor enables students to pursue a multi-disciplinary, integrated study of the history, theory, and practice of the moving image.  A wide range of courses offers approaches to the study of film from philosophy, social and literary theory, art, and other scholarly perspectives.  Students will engage in the critical and analytical study of film, as well as produce their own original works, discovering how the two inform and enrich one another.  

The minor requirements shall consist of the following two courses:

ENG 240:       Introduction to the Study of Film

This course instructs students in film history, form, style, and theory, and introduces basic film production.

ENG 340:       Topics in Film—Documentary/Narrative

This advanced course offers instruction in a focused area of Film Studies (e.g. history and theory of the Documentary or Short Narrative forms), and integrates a substantial production component.

In addition, students must take three elective courses that treat creative, critical, and/or production aspects of film.  These courses must be chosen from at least two departments and from the following list:

  1. ART 150: Introduction to Time-Based Media
  2. ART 239: From Samurai to Cyberpunk—Japanese Animation (Anime)
  3. A&S 255: Contemporary Society and the Cinema
  4. CL 142: Masterworks of German Literature and Film
  5. ENG 116: Film and Literature
  6. ENG 251: Screenwriting
  7. FREN 424: Literature, Ideas, and Film: 20th-Century French Culture
  8. GERM 431: Literature and Film as a Mirror of Socio-Historical Issues
  9. GERM 424: Modernism to Postmodernism and Beyond: Literature & Film
  10. HIS 255: Vietnam and the American Experience
  11. MUS 274:  Film Music
  12. PHIL 235: Philosophy of Film
  13. THTR 123: Plays in Performance: Stage and Film
  14. WS 256: Gender, Identity, and German Film

Other relevant courses may be approved by petition to the program coordinator.

Staffing

Supervision, student advising, promotion and oversight of the minor will be provided by a program coordinator.  

VII.  OUTLINE OF THE FILM & MEDIA STUDIES PROGRAM
The new FAMS program should adhere to the following three principles:

  1. Rigorous integration of critical study and creative production
  2. Imaginative interdisciplinary approaches
  3. An active relationship with the local community and New York City

Integration:  Lafayette’s Program in Film & Media Studies (FAMS) should rigorously integrate historical and critical approaches with creative and production components, giving students the opportunity to work in both the theory and practice of media, all within the framework of a liberal arts education.

Interdisciplinarity:  The program will naturally encourage connections between English and the Arts, or between Philosophy and Anthropology & Sociology.  In addition, FAMS should support innovative and collaborative teaching efforts that build on Lafayette’s existing strengths; for example, projects that bring together Computer Science and Theater, or Engineering and the Humanities.

Community:  The program should encourage interaction between the college and the film and arts communities of the Lehigh Valley.  FAMS will also connect students to internship opportunities in film and media in the Lehigh Valley and New York City, taking advantage of Lafayette’s proximity to the largest media market in the country.

The Major
It seems wise for the FAMS curriculum to be designed in consultation with individuals who specialize in the field.  However, the curriculum should include:

  1. foundation courses in theory of both film and media studies
  2. a foundation course in production
  3. advanced instruction in the history, theory, criticism, and production of film and media

 
In organizing the FAMS curriculum, it will be important to distinguish between those courses that incorporate media as a secondary component of the educational outcome and those that treat film and media as the primary focus of study.    

Other proposed ideas for the FAMS program include:

  1. networking courses in film production, film music, and screenwriting to produce a year-long course in which students write, direct, edit, score, and perhaps even market their films (an endowed course of this nature has just been started at Carnegie Mellon)
  2. sponsoring a film studies symposium in which critical work of students is showcased, and communication with film students at other institutions is encouraged
  3. offering a minor degree program or concentration that enables students to develop their communication skills using mass media (television, radio, film, print journalism) and new media (digital multimedia, the Internet, networked media)
  4. continuing and increasing support for existing Film & Media Studies events (e.g. English 340 Film Festival, Election Night Broadcasts)
  5. securing funding to expand campus programs that expose students to filmmakers, speakers, and other practitioners in the field of Film & Media Studies

This initial outline is rooted in Lafayette’s specific strengths, as the nature and orientation of Film & Media Studies Programs varies widely across institutions.  A survey of programs at similar schools makes clear that there is no standard paradigm.  A report to the Mellon Foundation on a Symposium on Film and Media Studies in the Liberal Arts is particularly helpful in articulating the diversity of approaches (see Appendix C). 

VIII.  FACILITIES
A necessary component of a viable Film & Media Studies program is the proper technology-enhanced facilities to support effective teaching and project production. While Skillman Library has carried much of this workload to date, it is not equipped to handle the long-term aspirations of an expanding program. In addition to strong teaching and professional support, a Film & Media Studies program that weds critical study and creative production requires highly collaborative spaces and up-to-date technology in order to succeed.

As part of an expanded Williams Center for the Arts, the college should seriously consider the creation of a new Film & Media Studies facility with the following physical components:

  1. Production/Teaching Lab – The production lab includes ample room for 24 workstations and break-out space. This lab would be the primary location where content would be captured, edited, and produced. Each high-end Mac workstation should be equipped with Apple’s Final Cut Studio and video outboard gear to accommodate video capture and reference monitoring. Layout of the workstations in the lab should encourage group work and collaboration. The space can also be used for the creation of a variety of other media (audio, web production, animation). This lab would also serve as the primary teaching space for any production-related coursework.
  1. Sound Stage – Ideally, three sound stages should be developed:  one main stage and two smaller rooms for shooting and recording in a controlled environment. The larger space should be flexible, have professional lighting, sound, and camera technology as part of a permanent installation, as well as the ability to film green-screen scenes for special effects. This room would be similar to the Black Box Theater that exists today in the Williams Center, and can be used for a variety of projects including live broadcasts produced by students, faculty, and staff. The smaller rooms would serve as special effects staging and shooting areas.
  1. Collaborative, Technology-Enhanced Meeting Spaces – The facility should also include two small group study style meeting rooms with A/V technology for screening projects and working with others on rough cuts, edits, and other digital media projects.
  1. Screening Space – One large screening venue should also be created. This space should be able to hold in excess of 300 people and be capable of screening a variety of digital and film formats. This space would alleviate pressures on existing events (annual English 340 film festival, Policy Studies Election Night broadcast, etc) as well as provide opportunities for more film and media studies events on campus (student project screenings, festivals, and visiting speakers/performers/practitioners).
  1. Staff Offices –There should be several offices to house faculty teaching courses in the program and the technology/production specialists who support the program.
  1. Server Room – A small space is required to house the storage, network, and servers necessary to support such a technology intensive program. The room would need special HVAC considerations as well as power/backup/electrical requirements that would exceed that of a normal academic facility on campus.

New program space in an expanded Williams Center for the Arts will serve to nurture the interdisciplinary nature of Film & Media Studies, and help place the study and production of these visual forms of communication at the center of a liberal arts-focused campus community. Obvious possible connections abound: to the Music program’s recording studios, to the Art and Theater programs’ exhibitions and productions, and even to the proposed Dance program. In addition, less than obvious connections are waiting to happen between Film & Media Studies and other disciplines, such as Engineering and Computer Science.

IX.  ONGOING ISSUES FOR THE FAMS COMMITTEE
The committee has yet to come to a consensus regarding where the program will be academically located in the long term.  If the program is to draw upon multiple departments for faculty contributions, the FAMS program may inevitably have an unconventional structure.  As the Mellon Foundation Symposium on Film and Media Studies in the Liberal Arts points out, many such programs are interdisciplinary, with participation from faculty with degrees in a wide range of disciplines, including English, Art, Foreign Languages, Anthropology & Sociology, Communications and others. 

Still, the question of where to place new hires is a serious one. One option is to build upon the recent and ongoing work in Film Studies in the English Department.  The foundational courses for the minor come from the English Department; the courses most closely dedicated to integrating study and practice are offered by the English Department, as are the most consistently offered courses; many programs at other schools are dependant on scholars and teachers housed in English Departments.  In December 2006, the Department formally requested a new hire in Film Studies to supplement their existing offerings and help meet demand.

Another alternative, the Art Department, offers multiple courses in the creation of new media and is committed to many studio courses in the visual arts.

Other options include creating a combined Theater and Film Department with an enhanced Media Studies Program attached to the Art Department, or structuring FAMS as a free-standing entity.

Perhaps a logical course of action would be to plan two tenure-track hires, one in Art to support Media Studies and one in English to support Film Studies.  A targeted search in A&S for a tenure-track faculty member specializing in Mass Communications would also support the goals of the FAMS program.